The Janissaries were an elite infantry corps in the Ottoman Empire, established in the late 14th century. Comprising Christian-born youths conscripted through the devshirme system, they underwent rigorous training and conversion to Islam. Renowned for their loyalty to the Sultan, the Janissaries played a pivotal role in the empire’s military successes for centuries.
They became famed for internal cohesion cemented by strict discipline and order. Unlike typical slaves, they were paid regular salaries. They wore unique uniforms, were paid regular salaries (including bonuses) for their service, marched to music (the mehter), lived in barracks, and were the first corps to make extensive use of firearms.
Initially, they were instrumental in consolidating Ottoman power and expanding its territories. However, their influence waned over time as they became involved in political intrigue and often rebelled against the central authority. By the early 19th century, the Janissaries had become a disruptive force, prompting Sultan Mahmud II to abolish the corps in 1826 in a series of violent purges known as the Auspicious Incident. The disbandment marked a significant moment in Ottoman history, symbolizing the transition from traditional military structures to a more modernized and centralized system.